luigi federico menabrea luigi federico menabrea7th prime minister of italyin office27 october 1867 14 december 1869monarchvictor emmanuel iipreceded byurbano rattazzisucceeded bygiovanni lanza personal detailsborn180909044 september 1809chambry first french empiredied24 may 189618960524 aged86saintcassin french third republicpolitical partyhistorical right luigi federico menabrea 4 september 1809 24 may 1896 later made 1st count menabrea and 1st marquess of valdora was an italian general statesman and mathematician who served as the prime minister of italy from 1867 to 1869 biography menabrea was born at chambry then part of the first french empire he was educated at the university of turin where he qualified as an engineer and became a doctor of mathematics as an officer of engineers he replaced cavour in 1831 at the fortress of bard he then became professor of mechanics and construction at the military academy and at the university of turin among his notable publications sketch of the analytical engine invented by charles babbage esq with notes by translator ada lovelace 1842 which described many aspects of computer architecture and programming king charles albert sent him in 1848 on diplomatic missions to secure the adhesion of modena and parma to sardinia he entered the piedmontese parliament and was attached successively to the ministries of war and foreign affairs he belonged to the right centre and until the events of 1859 he believed in the possibility of a compromise between the vatican and the state he was majorgeneral and commanderinchief of the engineers in the lombard campaign of 1859 he superintended the siege works against peschiera was present at palestro and solferino and repaired the fortifications of some of the northern fortresses in 1860 he became lieutenantgeneral and conducted the siege of gaeta he was appointed senator and received the title of count entering the ricasoli cabinet of 1861 as minister for the navy he held the portfolio of public works until 1864 in the succeeding farini and minghetti cabinets after the war of 1866 he was chosen as italian plenipotentiary for the negotiation of the treaty of prague and for the transfer of venetia to italy in october 1867 he succeeded rattazzi in the premiership and was called upon to deal with the difficult situation created by garibaldis invasion of the papal states and by the catastrophe of mentana menabrea disavowed garibaldi and instituted judicial proceedings against him but in negotiations with the french government he protested against the retention of the temporal power by the pope and insisted on the italian right of interference in rome he was in the secret of the direct negotiations between victor emmanuel and napoleon iii in june 1869 and refused to entertain the idea of a french alliance unless italy were allowed to occupy the papal states and on occasion rome itself on the eve of the assembly of the oecumenical council at rome menabrea reserved to the italian government its right in respect of any measures directed against italian institutions he withdrew from seminary students in 1860 the exemption from military service which they had hitherto enjoyed throughout his term of office he was supported by the finance minister count cambray digny who forced through parliament the grist tax proposed by quintino sella though in an altered form from the earlier proposal after a series of changes in the cabinet and many crises menabrea resigned in december 1869 on the election of a new chamber in which he did not command a majority he was made marquis of valdora in 1875 his successor in the premiership giovanni lanza in order to remove him from his influential position as aidedecamp to the king sent him to london as ambassador where he remained until in 1882 he replaced general cialdini at the paris embassy ten years later he withdrew from public life and died at saint capin on 24 may 1896 publications wikimedia commons has media related to luigi federico menabrea sketch of the analytical engine invented by charles babbage esq with notes by trans ada lovelace in scientific memoirs vol 3 1842 oconnor john j robertson edmund f luigi federico menabrea mactutor history of mathematics archive university of st andrews this articleincorporates text from a publication now in the public domainchisholm hugh ed 1911 menabrea luigi federico encyclopdia britannica 18 11th ed cambridge university press p108 political offices precededbyurbano rattazzi prime minister of italy18671869 succeededbygiovanni lanza precededbypompeo di campello italian minister of foreign affairs18671869 succeededbyemilio viscontivenosta precededbyagostino depretis italian minister of public works18621864 succeededbystefano jacini vteprime ministers of italykingdom of italy cavour ricasoli rattazzi farini minghetti la marmora ricasoli rattazzi menabrea lanza minghetti depretis cairoli depretis cairoli depretis crispi starabba giolitti crispi starabba pelloux saracco zanardelli giolitti tittoni fortis sonnino giolitti sonnino luzzatti giolitti salandra boselli orlando nitti giolitti bonomi facta mussolini badoglio bonomi parri de gasperiitalian republic de gasperi pella fanfani scelba segni zoli fanfani segni tambroni fanfani leone moro leone rumor colombo andreotti rumor moro andreotti cossiga forlani spadolini fanfani craxi fanfani goria de mita andreotti amato ciampi berlusconi dini prodi dalema amato berlusconi prodi berlusconi monti letta renzi gentiloni conte vteitalian ministers of foreign affairskingdom of italy cavour ricasoli rattazzi pasolini viscontivenosta la marmora viscontivenosta campello menabrea viscontivenosta melegari depretis corti cairoli depretis cairoli mancini depretis robilant depretis crispi starabba di rudin brin blanc caetani capelli canevaro viscontivenosta prinetti tittoni patern castello guicciardini tittoni guicciardini patern castello sonnino tittoni scialoja sforza tommasi della torretta schanzer mussolini grandi mussolini ciano mussolini guariglia badoglio bonomi de gasperi italian republic de gasperi nenni sforza de gasperi pella piccioni martino pella fanfani pella segni fanfani piccioni saragat moro fanfani moro fanfani medici nenni moro medici moro rumor forlani malfatti ruffini colombo andreotti de michelis scotti colombo andreatta elia martino agnelli dini ruggiero berlusconi frattini fini dalema frattini terzi di santagata bonino mogherini gentiloni alfano moavero milanesi authority control worldcat identities bnf cb106881393 data gnd 119149281 isni 0000 0001 1934 395x lccn nr94014611 iccu iticcusblv206770 sudoc 148923631 viaf 50029341 